Unterschiede

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--- becki:linux:multimedia [2015-12-11 09:52]
becki created
+++ becki:linux:multimedia [2018-09-15 08:03] (aktuell)
becki [Encode to x264]
@@ Zeile 3: / Zeile 3: @@
 Infos about howto play, edit and stream audio and video
-===== Play internet radio streams on the command line ==
+===== Internet Radio ==
+==== Play internet radio streams on the command line ==
-Use ''soma''
+Use ''soma'' or ''mplayer''
-===== Record internet radio streams to a file ==
+==== Record internet radio streams to a file ==
 Just use ''curl''. The resulting file is playable with common players like mplayer, xine or vlc
-===== Audo and video editing with ffmpeg ==
+===== Audo and video editing tools ==
-==== Install on Slack ==
+==== ffmpeg ==
+=== Install ==
-Download from slackbuilds and build it as root using ''su -'', not only ''su''. Otherwise the build will fail becaus it can't find ''texi2html''.
+To install on Slack, download from slackbuilds and build it as root using ''su -'', not only ''su''. Otherwise the build will fail because it can't find ''texi2html''.
-==== Extract a section ==
+Recommended optional packages for ffmpeg:
+<code>
+ffmpeg
+  libass
+  faac
+    libmp4v2
+  lame
+  x264
+  [x265]
+</code>
+Command to build the package with the optional packages enabled:
+  ASS=yes FAAC=yes LAME=yes X264=yes ./ffmpeg.SlackBuild
+FIXME FAAC seems not necessary any morge as of ffmpeg-3.2.4. Instead try FDK_AAC
+Note: To install ffmpeg on a headless server (without X) it may be necessary to install additional stock packages first and to disable some features which are enabled by default (tested):
+  slackpkg install libXi libXtst
+  CACA=no OPENGL=no X11GRAB=no ASS=yes FAAC=yes LAME=yes X264=yes ./ffmpeg.SlackBuild
+=== Docs ==
+  - man ffmpeg
+  - https://ffmpeg.org/documentation.html
+  - https://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg-all.html
+  - http://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki
+  - https://www.ostechnix.com/20-ffmpeg-commands-beginners/
+Note that these official docs do not contain hints about DVD ripping.
+==== mencoder ==
+=== Overview ==
+  - mencoder uses ffmpeg
+  - ffmpeg provides and uses libavcodec
+  - ffmpeg seems to come from mplayer. The ffmpeg slack package points to http://ffmpeg.mplayerhq.hu
+  - libavcodec does not contain x264, it is a standalone lib
+  - mencoder (as well as handbrake) [[http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/MPlayer.html#menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4-codec|recommends]] to use x264 as video encoder
+  - mencoder (as well as ffmpeg) probably need to be recompiled after x264 is installed. ''mencoder -ovc help'' should list x264 after recompile
+  - mencoder provides [[http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/MPlayer.html#menc-feat-dvd-mpeg4|extensive doc]] about howto rip a DVD. Nothing similar found for ffmpeg yet.
+  - A search for ''ffmpeg vs mencoder'' on the web shows that most people recommend mencoder, because it can do more
+=== Install ==
+Onboard of Slack. FIXME Probably needs to be recompiled in order to support x264
+=== Docs ==
+  - man menconder
+  - http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/HTML/en/MPlayer.html
+  - https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/MEncoder
+  - Interesting (German) link: https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/DVDs_manuell_rippen
+  - DVD auslesen: http://www.wiki.csoft.at/index.php/MEncoder_Scripts#DVD_auslesen
+===== Audo and video editing by task ==
+==== Get info about a media file ==
+  ffprobe
+==== Extract a section from an audio/video file ==
 This cuts out 61 seconds of all.mp3, starting at 41 min 8 sec from the beginning and writes the section to the file part.mp3. Note that no mp3 encoder is necessary and there is no quality loss.
   ffmpeg -ss 41:08 -i all.mp3 -codec copy -t 61 part.mp3
-This technique works for viedo as well.
+If you want to extract from the start just omit ''-ss''
+If you want to extract until the end just omit ''-t'' :?:
+==== Concat multiple files ==
+<code mylist.txt>
+# this is a comment
+file '/path/to/file1'
+file '/path/to/file2'
+file '/path/to/file3'
+</code>
+  ffmpeg -f concat -i mylist.txt -c copy output
+From https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Concatenate for format of ''mylist.txt''
+==== Encode to x264 ==
+Test shows that both commands results in 2 files with the same size and bitrate:((Bitrate can be checked with ''ffprobe''))
+  ffmpeg -i IN.VOB out.mkv
+  ffmpeg -i IN.VOB -c:v libx264 -preset medium -crf 23 -c:a libvorbis out.mkv
+  - 2-pass encoding (-pass 1/2) needs a certain bitrate option (-b:v) as well and  seems to be useful only if you want an exact output file size.
+  - Constant Rate Factor (CRF) encoding seems not te be inferior compared to 2-pass
+  - crf 28 still seems to provide acceptable quality
+  - A slower preset seems to provide smaller file size with same quality at the cost of a higher encoding time.
+  - ''-preset slow'' helps about 5-10% compared to the ''medium'' preset
+Source: http://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Encode/H.264
+Rule of thumb to save space: Make a test encoding with default values (crf=23) and than increase the crf value until quality becomes inacceptable.
+Useful opts:
+<code>
+-tune animation - good for cartoons
+-an disable audio
+-vn disable video
+</code>
+==== Stream selection ==
+Example: Select all video stream and 2nd audio stream of first (and normally only) input file:
+  ffmpeg  -i input.vob -map 0:v -map 0:a:1 output.mkv
+===== Manual DVD ripping ==
+==== Copy raw Media to Disk ==
+Find the right track by reading DVD content using ''lsdvd''((available on slackbuilds)). ''%%mencoder dvd:// -v -o -%%'' may be helpfull as well
+Extract track n with
+  mplayer dvd://n -dumpstream -dumpfile title_n.vob [-chapter m-m]
+If reading and/or extaction does not work (check for completeness, passages with garbage!) then try the following method:
+==== Copy raw Media to Disk Alternative ==
+Mount the DVD and check all VOB-files with mplayer (or ffplay).  Copy those you need to disk
+Some VOBs have garbage at the beginning, delete it using extracting the valid section with ffmpeg (see above)
+Some VOBs have garbage at the end. To cut this off, note the start offset seconds with ffprobe, eg: ''start: 4356.264000''
+Then note the desired end position with mplayer via on screen display or CLI output, eg 4528
+Subtraction of end from start gives the duration in seconds. Feed this to ffmpeg:
+  ffmpeg -i VTS_01_4.org.VOB -codec copy -t 171.736 VTS_01_4.VOB
+Create a voblist text file for concatenation. See above
+==== Encode ==
+  ffmpeg -i input.vob output.mkv
+See above for more options
+==== Todo ==
+  - Chapter markers
+  - subtitles
+  - multiple audio tracks
+  - Test ffmpeg -aspect
 ===== DVD ripping with HandBrake ==
@@ Zeile 34: / Zeile 174: @@
 Alternatively, as of Slack 13.0 Handbrake is available at www.slackbuilds.org. But it has many more dependencies.
-How to use HandBrake is described [[commands#rip_dvds|here]].
-Interesting (German) link: https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/DVDs_manuell_rippen
 <del>It has almost no dependencies(([[http://trac.handbrake.fr/wiki/SupportFAQ#contribs|The one exception is libdvdcss]])), everything is build in. Both a binary version for Linux and the source code is available.</del>

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